class Akismet_REST_API {
/**
* Register the REST API routes.
*/
public static function init() {
if ( ! function_exists( 'register_rest_route' ) ) {
// The REST API wasn't integrated into core until 4.4, and we support 4.0+ (for now).
return false;
}
register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/key', array(
array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_key' ),
), array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_key' ),
'args' => array(
'key' => array(
'required' => true,
'type' => 'string',
'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ),
'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/get/', 'akismet' ),
),
),
), array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::DELETABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'delete_key' ),
)
) );
register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/settings/', array(
array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_settings' ),
),
array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_boolean_settings' ),
'args' => array(
'akismet_strictness' => array(
'required' => false,
'type' => 'boolean',
'description' => __( 'If true, Akismet will automatically discard the worst spam automatically rather than putting it in the spam folder.', 'akismet' ),
),
'akismet_show_user_comments_approved' => array(
'required' => false,
'type' => 'boolean',
'description' => __( 'If true, show the number of approved comments beside each comment author in the comments list page.', 'akismet' ),
),
),
)
) );
register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/stats', array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_stats' ),
'args' => array(
'interval' => array(
'required' => false,
'type' => 'string',
'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_interval' ),
'description' => __( 'The time period for which to retrieve stats. Options: 60-days, 6-months, all', 'akismet' ),
'default' => 'all',
),
),
) );
register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/stats/(?P[\w+])', array(
'args' => array(
'interval' => array(
'description' => __( 'The time period for which to retrieve stats. Options: 60-days, 6-months, all', 'akismet' ),
'type' => 'string',
),
),
array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'privileged_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_stats' ),
)
) );
register_rest_route( 'akismet/v1', '/alert', array(
array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'get_alert' ),
'args' => array(
'key' => array(
'required' => false,
'type' => 'string',
'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ),
'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/get/', 'akismet' ),
),
),
),
array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'set_alert' ),
'args' => array(
'key' => array(
'required' => false,
'type' => 'string',
'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ),
'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/get/', 'akismet' ),
),
),
),
array(
'methods' => WP_REST_Server::DELETABLE,
'permission_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'remote_call_permission_callback' ),
'callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'delete_alert' ),
'args' => array(
'key' => array(
'required' => false,
'type' => 'string',
'sanitize_callback' => array( 'Akismet_REST_API', 'sanitize_key' ),
'description' => __( 'A 12-character Akismet API key. Available at akismet.com/get/', 'akismet' ),
),
),
)
) );
}
/**
* Get the current Akismet API key.
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function get_key( $request = null ) {
return rest_ensure_response( Akismet::get_api_key() );
}
/**
* Set the API key, if possible.
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function set_key( $request ) {
if ( defined( 'WPCOM_API_KEY' ) ) {
return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'hardcoded_key', __( 'This site\'s API key is hardcoded and cannot be changed via the API.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status'=> 409 ) ) );
}
$new_api_key = $request->get_param( 'key' );
if ( ! self::key_is_valid( $new_api_key ) ) {
return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'invalid_key', __( 'The value provided is not a valid and registered API key.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status' => 400 ) ) );
}
update_option( 'wordpress_api_key', $new_api_key );
return self::get_key();
}
/**
* Unset the API key, if possible.
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function delete_key( $request ) {
if ( defined( 'WPCOM_API_KEY' ) ) {
return rest_ensure_response( new WP_Error( 'hardcoded_key', __( 'This site\'s API key is hardcoded and cannot be deleted.', 'akismet' ), array( 'status'=> 409 ) ) );
}
delete_option( 'wordpress_api_key' );
return rest_ensure_response( true );
}
/**
* Get the Akismet settings.
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function get_settings( $request = null ) {
return rest_ensure_response( array(
'akismet_strictness' => ( get_option( 'akismet_strictness', '1' ) === '1' ),
'akismet_show_user_comments_approved' => ( get_option( 'akismet_show_user_comments_approved', '1' ) === '1' ),
) );
}
/**
* Update the Akismet settings.
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function set_boolean_settings( $request ) {
foreach ( array(
'akismet_strictness',
'akismet_show_user_comments_approved',
) as $setting_key ) {
$setting_value = $request->get_param( $setting_key );
if ( is_null( $setting_value ) ) {
// This setting was not specified.
continue;
}
// From 4.7+, WP core will ensure that these are always boolean
// values because they are registered with 'type' => 'boolean',
// but we need to do this ourselves for prior versions.
$setting_value = Akismet_REST_API::parse_boolean( $setting_value );
update_option( $setting_key, $setting_value ? '1' : '0' );
}
return self::get_settings();
}
/**
* Parse a numeric or string boolean value into a boolean.
*
* @param mixed $value The value to convert into a boolean.
* @return bool The converted value.
*/
public static function parse_boolean( $value ) {
switch ( $value ) {
case true:
case 'true':
case '1':
case 1:
return true;
case false:
case 'false':
case '0':
case 0:
return false;
default:
return (bool) $value;
}
}
/**
* Get the Akismet stats for a given time period.
*
* Possible `interval` values:
* - all
* - 60-days
* - 6-months
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function get_stats( $request ) {
$api_key = Akismet::get_api_key();
$interval = $request->get_param( 'interval' );
$stat_totals = array();
$response = Akismet::http_post( Akismet::build_query( array( 'blog' => get_option( 'home' ), 'key' => $api_key, 'from' => $interval ) ), 'get-stats' );
if ( ! empty( $response[1] ) ) {
$stat_totals[$interval] = json_decode( $response[1] );
}
return rest_ensure_response( $stat_totals );
}
/**
* Get the current alert code and message. Alert codes are used to notify the site owner
* if there's a problem, like a connection issue between their site and the Akismet API,
* invalid requests being sent, etc.
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function get_alert( $request ) {
return rest_ensure_response( array(
'code' => get_option( 'akismet_alert_code' ),
'message' => get_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' ),
) );
}
/**
* Update the current alert code and message by triggering a call to the Akismet server.
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function set_alert( $request ) {
delete_option( 'akismet_alert_code' );
delete_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' );
// Make a request so the most recent alert code and message are retrieved.
Akismet::verify_key( Akismet::get_api_key() );
return self::get_alert( $request );
}
/**
* Clear the current alert code and message.
*
* @param WP_REST_Request $request
* @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
*/
public static function delete_alert( $request ) {
delete_option( 'akismet_alert_code' );
delete_option( 'akismet_alert_msg' );
return self::get_alert( $request );
}
private static function key_is_valid( $key ) {
$response = Akismet::http_post(
Akismet::build_query(
array(
'key' => $key,
'blog' => get_option( 'home' )
)
),
'verify-key'
);
if ( $response[1] == 'valid' ) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
public static function privileged_permission_callback() {
return current_user_can( 'manage_options' );
}
/**
* For calls that Akismet.com makes to the site to clear outdated alert codes, use the API key for authorization.
*/
public static function remote_call_permission_callback( $request ) {
$local_key = Akismet::get_api_key();
return $local_key && ( strtolower( $request->get_param( 'key' ) ) === strtolower( $local_key ) );
}
public static function sanitize_interval( $interval, $request, $param ) {
$interval = trim( $interval );
$valid_intervals = array( '60-days', '6-months', 'all', );
if ( ! in_array( $interval, $valid_intervals ) ) {
$interval = 'all';
}
return $interval;
}
public static function sanitize_key( $key, $request, $param ) {
return trim( $key );
}
}
RENEWABLE ENERGY AND IT’S ROLE IN EXPENDING ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA » STED Journal
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Demola Salami Olatokunbo1 , Samuel Gbemisola Olajide1 , Mladen Ivic2
1 Lagos State University, Faculty of Social Science, Department of Economics, Ojo (Main campus), Lagos State, Nigeria, osalami2022@gmail.com
2 University of Business Engineering and Management, Faculty of Economics, despota Stefana Lazarevica bb, 78 000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER
ISSN 2637-2150 e-ISSN 2637-2614UDC 620.9:502.171(669) DOI 10.7251/STEDZ2402064S COBISS.RS-ID 141780225
Received: 15 July 2024. Accepted: 03 October 2024. Published: 29 November 2024. http://stedj-univerzitetpim.com
Corresponding Author: Demola Salami Olatokunbo, Lagos State University, Faculty of Social Science, Department of Economics, Ojo (Main campus), Lagos State, Nigeria, osalami2022@gmail.com;
Copyright © 2024 Demola Salami Olatokunbo et al.; published by UNIVERSITY PIM. This work licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.
Citation: Olatokunbo, D.S., Olajide, S.G., & Ivić, M. (2024). Renewable energy and it’s role in expending access to electricitz and economic growth in Nigeria. STED Journal, 6 (2), 64-72.
ABSTRACT
The study investigated, amongst other variables, the relationship between renewable energy, its role in expanding access to electricity, and economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1960–2023. The ordinary least squares (OLS) and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models were used to estimate the short- and long run dynamics of the relationship.
The study shows that the overall model is statistically significant, meaning that the independent variables, taken together, significantly predict the dependent variable (GDP growth rates). The findings underline the intricate dynamics between renewable energy, electricity access, and economic growth in Nigeria. While the positive coefficient for renewable energy suggests that increasing renewable electricity generation could theoretically enhance GDP growth, the lack of statistical significance implies that this impact is not immediate.
Finally, based on these findings, the study recommends that policymakers should continue to prioritize investments in renewable energy infrastructure. Efforts should be made to enhance the reliability and quality of the electricity supply. A more robust and cohesive policy framework is needed to support renewable energy and electricity development and integration.
Keywords: Renewable Energy, Electricity, Economic Growth, Ordinary Least Square, Autoregressive Distributed Lag.
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